发布时间:2024-11-05 17:19:36
Windows是目前全球使用最广泛的操作系统之一,而golang(Go语言)作为性能优异的编程语言,自然也支持在Windows平台开发应用程序。本文将探讨在golang下如何开发Windows程序。
在开始之前,我们需要先搭建好golang的开发环境。首先,从官网(https://golang.org)下载并安装golang的Windows版本。安装完成后,我们可以通过运行go version
命令验证是否安装成功。
现在,我们来创建一个简单的Windows程序。我们可以通过以下代码创建一个基本的窗口:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"syscall"
"unsafe"
)
type (
HANDLE syscall.Handle
HWND HANDLE
HDC HANDLE
HBRUSH HANDLE
)
const (
CS_HREDRAW = 0x0002
CS_VREDRAW = 0x0001
WM_CREATE = 0x0001
WM_PAINT = 0x000f
COLOR_BTNFACE = 15
)
var (
hInstance syscall.Handle
className []uint16
mainWindow HWND
background HBRUSH
defaultWndProcPtr uintptr
)
func MainWindowProc(hWnd HWND, uMsg uint32, wParam uintptr, lParam uintptr) uintptr {
switch uMsg {
case WM_CREATE:
background = CreateSolidBrush(COLOR_BTNFACE)
return 0
case WM_PAINT:
var ps PAINTSTRUCT
hdc := BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps)
Rectangle(hdc, 20, 20, 200, 100, background)
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps)
return 0
default:
return CallWindowProc(defaultWndProcPtr, hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam)
}
}
func NewMainWindow() {
instance, _ := syscall.GetModuleHandle(nil)
hInstance = syscall.Handle(instance)
className = syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr("GolangWin32WindowClass")
defaultWndProcPtr = uintptr(GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr("user32.dll")), "DefWindowProcW"))
style := CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW
var wc WNDCLASSEX
wc.CbSize = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(wc))
wc.LpfnWndProc = syscall.NewCallback(MainWindowProc)
wc.HInstance = hInstance
wc.LpszClassName = className
wc.Style = style
RegisterClassEx(&wc)
mainWindow, _ = CreateWindow(className, syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr("Golang Win32 Window"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 300, 0, 0, hInstance, nil)
if mainWindow == 0 {
fmt.Println("Failed to create window")
return
}
ShowWindow(mainWindow, SW_SHOWDEFAULT)
UpdateWindow(mainWindow)
var msg MSG
for {
if GetMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0) == 0 {
break
}
TranslateMessage(&msg)
DispatchMessage(&msg)
}
}
func main() {
defer syscall.FreeLibrary(syscall.Handle(hInstance))
NewMainWindow()
}
// 下面是对应Windows API函数的定义,可以通过golang.org/x/sys/windows包更方便地调用:
var (
procCreateWindow = user32.NewProc("CreateWindowExW")
procRegisterClassEx = user32.NewProc("RegisterClassExW")
procGetMessage = user32.NewProc("GetMessageW")
procTranslateMessage = user32.NewProc("TranslateMessage")
procDispatchMessage = user32.NewProc("DispatchMessageW")
procShowWindow = user32.NewProc("ShowWindow")
procUpdateWindow = user32.NewProc("UpdateWindow")
procBeginPaint = user32.NewProc("BeginPaint")
procEndPaint = user32.NewProc("EndPaint")
procRectangle = gdi32.NewProc("Rectangle")
procCreateSolidBrush = gdi32.NewProc("CreateSolidBrush")
procCallWindowProc = user32.NewProc("CallWindowProcW")
procGetProcAddress = kernel32.NewProc("GetProcAddress")
procGetModuleHandle = kernel32.NewProc("GetModuleHandleW")
)
type (
WNDPROC uintptr
HINSTANCE HANDLE
LRESULT uintptr
LPARAM uintptr
WPARAM uintptr
DWORD uint32
WNDCLASSEX struct {
CbSize uint32
Style uint32
LpfnWndProc WNDPROC
CbClsExtra int32
CbWndExtra int32
HInstance HINSTANCE
HIcon HANDLE
HCursor HANDLE
HbrBackground HANDLE
LpszMenuName *uint16
LpszClassName *uint16
HIconSm HANDLE
}
MSG struct {
HWnd HWND
Message uint32
WParam uintptr
LParam uintptr
Time DWORD
Pt POINT
}
POINT struct {
X, Y int32
}
PAINTSTRUCT struct {
Hdc HDC
FErase int32
RcPaint RECT
FRestore int32
FIncUpdate int32
rgbReserved [32]byte
}
RECT struct {
Left, Top, Right, Bottom int32
}
COLORREF uint32
)
在代码中,我们通过调用Windows API函数来创建窗口、处理消息以及绘制图形。为了方便调用这些函数,我们使用了golang.org/x/sys/windows包。使用以下命令编译程序:
go build -ldflags="-H windowsgui" main.go
编译完成后,会生成一个可执行文件。双击运行该可执行文件即可看到我们创建的窗口。
本文介绍了如何在golang下开发Windows程序,我们了解了搭建开发环境、创建简单的Windows程序以及编译和运行程序的方法。虽然使用golang开发Windows程序相较于其他语言来说可能稍显复杂,但对于熟悉golang的开发者来说,通过调用Windows API函数来实现自定义的窗口和功能并不是一件困难的事情。希望本文对你有所帮助,感谢阅读!