golang并发调用api

发布时间:2024-11-05 19:38:31

Go并发调用API实例

Go语言是一门以并发为核心的编程语言,通过goroutine和channel等原生支持的功能,可以轻松地实现高效的并发编程。本文将介绍如何使用Golang来实现并发调用API,并演示并发调用且无阻塞的访问多个API的示例。

使用goroutine并发调用API

Golang中的goroutine是一种非常轻量级的线程,它能够实现高并发和可扩展性。我们可以使用goroutine来实现并发调用API。下面是一个简单的示例,展示了如何并发调用多个API并将结果汇总:

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"sync"
)

func fetchAPI(url string, wg *sync.WaitGroup, result chan<- string) {
	defer wg.Done()

	resp, err := http.Get(url)
	if err != nil {
		result <- fmt.Sprintf("Error fetching %s: %s", url, err.Error())
		return
	}

	result <- fmt.Sprintf("API %s returned status code %d", url, resp.StatusCode)
}

func main() {
	urls := []string{"https://api.example.com/1", "https://api.example.com/2", "https://api.example.com/3"}

	var wg sync.WaitGroup
	result := make(chan string)

	for _, url := range urls {
		wg.Add(1)
		go fetchAPI(url, &wg, result)
	}

	go func() {
		wg.Wait()
		close(result)
	}()

	for res := range result {
		fmt.Println(res)
	}
}

使用channel进行结果汇总

Golang的channel是一种用于在goroutine之间进行通信的机制。在并发调用API的过程中,我们可以使用channel来汇总每个API的结果。下面是一个使用channel进行结果汇总的简单示例:

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
)

type APIResult struct {
	API     string
	Status  int
	Message string
}

func fetchAPI(url string, result chan<- APIResult) {
	resp, err := http.Get(url)
	if err != nil {
		result <- APIResult{API: url, Message: fmt.Sprintf("Error fetching %s: %s", url, err.Error())}
		return
	}

	result <- APIResult{API: url, Status: resp.StatusCode}
}

func main() {
	urls := []string{"https://api.example.com/1", "https://api.example.com/2", "https://api.example.com/3"}

	result := make(chan APIResult)

	for _, url := range urls {
		go fetchAPI(url, result)
	}

	for range urls {
		res := <-result
		fmt.Printf("API %s returned status code %d\n", res.API, res.Status)
	}
}

使用sync.WaitGroup保证所有API的完成

有时候,我们希望等待所有API的调用都完成后再继续进行其他操作。可以通过Golang的sync.WaitGroup来实现这一目标。下面是一个示例代码,演示了如何使用sync.WaitGroup等待所有API的调用完成:

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"sync"
)

func fetchAPI(url string, wg *sync.WaitGroup, result chan<- string) {
	defer wg.Done()

	resp, err := http.Get(url)
	if err != nil {
		result <- fmt.Sprintf("Error fetching %s: %s", url, err.Error())
		return
	}

	result <- fmt.Sprintf("API %s returned status code %d", url, resp.StatusCode)
}

func main() {
	urls := []string{"https://api.example.com/1", "https://api.example.com/2", "https://api.example.com/3"}

	var wg sync.WaitGroup
	result := make(chan string)

	for _, url := range urls {
		wg.Add(1)
		go fetchAPI(url, &wg, result)
	}

	go func() {
		wg.Wait()
		close(result)
	}()

	for res := range result {
		fmt.Println(res)
	}
}

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